常荣鑫;戚如鑫;史剑云;张振斌;王梦芝;
CHANG Rongxin;QI Ruxin;SHI Jianyun;ZHANG Zhenbin;WANG Mengzhi;College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University;

• 1:扬州大学动物科学与技术学院

摘要(Abstract)：

本试验旨在研究不同处理的白菜尾菜与稻草秸秆混合青贮饲料对瘤胃微生物体外发酵的影响。试验底物为4种不同处理的青贮饲料,青贮45 d:对照组(秸秆:尾菜为10:0;无添加剂),1组、2组、3组的秸秆∶尾菜均为4:6,但添加剂分别为植物乳杆菌0.030 g/kg和纤维素酶0.200 g/kg、植物乳杆菌0.035 g/kg和纤维素酶0.250 g/kg、植物乳杆菌0.040 g/kg和纤维素酶0.300 g/kg,进行体外瘤胃发酵36 h,测定pH、氨氮浓度、微生物蛋白浓度等发酵参数。结果表明:培养期间,各组的pH在6.77～6.94、氨氮浓度在20.09～44.39 mg/100mL;在12 h、36 h时,2组的微生物蛋白浓度显著高于对照组和1组;在36 h时,2组和3组的原虫密度显著高于对照组,且酸性洗涤纤维降解率也较高。综上,2组和3组都能在一定程度上改善瘤胃发酵性能,其中,以第2组采用秸秆:尾菜为4:6、植物乳杆菌0.035 g/kg和纤维素酶0.250 g/kg的组合处理青贮饲料较为适宜。
The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different treatments of rice straw and chinese cabbage waste mixed silage on in vitro fermentation of rumen microorganisms. The experimental substrate was 4 different silages with a silage time of 45 days: the control group(rice straw:chinese cabbage waste = 10:0; no additive), and the ratio of rice straw:chinese cabbage waste in group 1, group 2 and group 3 were 4:6, but the additive amount were Lactobacillus plantarum 0.030 g/kg and cellulase 0.200 g/kg, Lactobacillus plantarum 0.035 g/kg and cellulase 0.250 g/kg, Lactobacillus plantarum 0.040 g/kg and cellulase 0.300 g/kg, in vitro rumen fermentation for 36 h, determination of pH, ammonia nitrogen concentration, microbial protein concentration and other fermentation parameters. The results showed that the pH of each group was 6.77～6.94 and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was 20.09～44.39 mg/100 mL during fermentation. When 12 h and 36 h, the microbial protein concentrations of group 2 was higher than that of control group and group 1(P<0.05). When 36 h, the density of protozoa in group 2 and group 3 was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05), and the degradation rate of acid detergent fiber(ADF) in these two groups was also higher than other groups. In summary, both group 2 and group 3 all can improve rumen fermentation performance to some extent. Among group 2 and group 3, group 2 mixed silage of rice straw:chinese cabbage waste=4:6, Lactobacillus plantarum 0.035 g/kg and cellulase 0.250 g/kg was better than others.

关键词(KeyWords)： 白菜尾菜;稻草秸秆;混合青贮;瘤胃发酵;绵羊
Chinese cabbage waste;Rice straw;Mixed silage;Rumen fermentation;Sheep

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): “十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0502100、2017YFD0800200);; 江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

作者(Authors): 常荣鑫;戚如鑫;史剑云;张振斌;王梦芝;
CHANG Rongxin;QI Ruxin;SHI Jianyun;ZHANG Zhenbin;WANG Mengzhi;College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University;

DOI: 10.19556/j.0258-7033.20190502-01

参考文献(References)：

• [1]中华人民共和国国家统计局. 2013中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社, 2013.
• [2]中华人民共和国国家统计局. 2014中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社, 2014.
• [3]中华人民共和国国家统计局. 2015中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社, 2015.
• [4]中华人民共和国国家统计局. 2016中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社, 2016.
• [5]李东霞,庞会利,王雁萍,等.蔬菜废弃物中高抗菌活性乳酸菌的筛选及鉴定[J].饲料研究, 2014(13):71-74.
• [6]王丽娟,任嘉宇,姜岩,等.浅谈逆铣式水稻秸秆深埋还田机的发展前景[J].现代化农业, 2019(1):60-61.
• [7]刘瑞伟.我国农作物秸秆利用现状及对策[J].农业与技术,2009(2):7-9.
• [8]高翔.江苏省农作物秸秆综合利用技术分析[J].江西农业学报, 2010, 12(14):130-133, 140.
• [9]邵世勤,马青枝,布彩霞,等.不同类蔬菜品种营养成份含量的研究[J].内蒙古农牧学院学报, 1993(2):56-61.
• [10]李海玲,惠文森,刘杰,等.小麦秸秆和白菜尾菜混合发酵试验[J].中国酿造, 2015, 34(5):131-134.
• [11]戴洪伟,解耀钦.玉米秸秆和莲花菜尾菜酵母菌发酵试验[J].甘肃畜牧兽医, 2015, 45(3):31-33.
• [12]戚如鑫,欧阳佳良,陈逸飞,等.正交试验研究稻草秸秆与白菜尾菜混合青贮养分的变化[J].饲料工业, 2019, 40(11):25-31.
• [13]王加启.反刍动物营养学研究方法[M].北京:中国出版集团现代教育出版社, 2011.
• [14]Broderick G A. Alfalfa silage or hay versus corn silage as the sole forage for lactating dairy cows[J]. J Dairy Sci, 1985, 68(12):3262-3271.
• [15]苏海涯.反刍动物日粮中桑叶与饼粕类饲料间组合效应的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2002.
• [16]王梦芝,程欣,谢文文,等.体外法研究不同油脂对瘤胃原虫吞噬细菌微循环的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2010, 43(18):3831-3837.
• [17]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M]. 3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社, 2007.
• [18]罗阳,王洪荣,侯启瑞.利用体外瘤胃发酵法评价桑叶与羊草的组合效应[J].动物营养学报, 2018, 30(6):2359-2368.
• [19]赵睿.粗饲料组成和代谢葡萄糖水平对湖羊消化代谢和生产性能的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学, 2016.
• [20]柏峻,文露华,瞿明仁,等.柠檬酸稀土对锦江黄牛瘤胃体外发酵特性的影响[J].中国饲料, 2018(15):65-68.
• [21]Mosoni P, Martin C, Forano E, et al. Long-term defaunation increases the abundance of cellulolytic ruminococci and methanogens but does not affect the bacterial and methanogen diversity in the rumen of sheep1[J]. J Anim Sci, 2011,89(3):783-791.
• [22]Leick V, Lindemose S. Chemokinesis by tetrahymena in response to bacterial oligopeptides[J]. J Eukaryotic Microbiol,2007, 54(3):4.