梁恒之;王波;尹达菲;侯卓成;袁建敏;
LIANG Heng-zhi;WANG Bo;YIN Da-fei;HOU Zhuo-cheng;YUAN Jian-min;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University;

• 1:中国农业大学动物科技学院

摘要(Abstract)：

本试验旨在比较不同饲料转化率的北京鸭和枫叶鸭消化器官相对重量、淀粉酶活性和盲肠微生物菌群的差异。选择1日龄北京鸭和枫叶鸭饲养至21日龄,两品种各屠宰8只;42日龄,根据21～42日龄个体耗料增重比结果,每一品种分别屠宰最高、中间、最低各10只,测定消化器官重量、淀粉酶活性和盲肠消化道微生物。结果表明:21日龄时,两品种肉鸭消化器官相对重量、淀粉酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05),DGGE图谱条带具有较高的相似度。北京鸭21～42日龄耗料增重比高于枫叶鸭(P<0.05);42日龄时,北京鸭多数消化器官相对重量显著高于枫叶鸭(P<0.05),淀粉酶活性低于枫叶鸭(P<0.05);低耗料增重比组肉鸭具有较轻的胰腺相对重量(P<0.05),较高的胰腺淀粉酶活性(P<0.05);42日龄时,两品种肉鸭DGGE图谱条带相似度较低;高、中耗料增重比组盲肠微生物菌群结构不同于低耗料增重比组。以上结果表明,淀粉酶活性及盲肠微生物菌群的差异增大可能是造成肉鸭耗料增重比差异的原因。
A study was conducted to compare the relative weight of main digestive organs,the activities of amylase in the small intestinal contents and pancreas,and the cecal microflora between Pekin duck and Maple leaf duck with different feed conversion efficiency.One-day-old ducks of each breed(Pekin duck and Maple leaf duck) were fed on the same floor net pan from hatching to 21 d of age,and 8 ducks of each breed were slaughtered at 21d of age.At 42d,according to the results of the F/G ratio during 21 to 42 d of age,ducks in the two breeds were divided into three groups with high,medium and low feed to gain ratio,respectively.Ten ducks per group were slaughrered.The relative weight of main digestive organs and activities of amylase in pancreas as well as intestinal contents were measured,and the DNA from cecal content was extracted for PCR-DGGE analysis.The results showed that no marked differences of relative weight of digestive organs and activities of amylase between Pekin duck and Maple leaf duck was observed at 21d of age(P>0.05).There was great similarity of the cecal microflora between the two breeds.The relative weight of most of digestive organs was markedly higher in Pekin duck than those in Maple leaf duck at 42 d of age(P<0.05).However,the activities of amylase was significantly lower in Pekin duck than those in Maple leaf duck at 42 d of age(P<0.05).The relative weight of pancreas was significantly lower in low F/G ratio group than those in high and medium F/G ratio group(P<0.05).However,the activities of amylase in the pancreas were reversed at 42 d of age(P<0.05).There was low similarity of cecal microbial community between two breed at 42 d of age.Ducks of high and medium F/G ratio groups had similar compositions of cecal bacteria which was greatly different from that in duck of low F/G ratio.The results indicate that the bigger difference of FCR during the finisher period is due to increscent variations of activities of amylase and cecal microflora.

关键词(KeyWords)： 耗料增重比;消化器官;淀粉酶;PCR-DGGE;鸭
feed conversion efficiency;digestive organs;amylase;PCR-DGGE;ducks

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 家禽产业技术体系北京市创新团队建设专项资金(CARS-PSTP);; 十二五国家科技支撑(2011BAD28B03)

作者(Authors): 梁恒之;王波;尹达菲;侯卓成;袁建敏;
LIANG Heng-zhi;WANG Bo;YIN Da-fei;HOU Zhuo-cheng;YUAN Jian-min;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University;

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