米兰;王佳堃;
MI Lan;WANG Jiakun;Institute of Dairy Science,Zhejiang University;

• 1:浙江大学奶业科学研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

自然环境中绝大部分微生物仍“尚未被培养”，这极大限制了人们对微生物功能的研究，以及微生物资源的开发和利用。培养组学基于微生物基因组信息获得目标微生物的最佳生存环境，利用膜扩散型培养技术、微流控型培养技术和细胞分选培养技术等从自然环境中分离、培养“尚未被培养”的微生物，并通过高通量组学技术加以鉴定。已成功应用于小鼠、白蚁、鸡、猪和牛消化道微生物的培养，极大地丰富了动物消化道微生物资源库，为深入探究微生物间及其与宿主间的互作关系提供了保障。本文综述了影响微生物培养的因素、培养组学的分选和鉴定技术、培养组学在动物消化道微生物研究中的应用情况，探讨了培养组学的发展前景和面临的挑战。
Without cultivation,microbial biology,physiology and many questions about the role of microbes in their natural environments remain unclear.So,to improve our understanding of the uncultured majority and promote the development and utilization of microbial resources,it is essential to bring microbes from their natural environments into culture.Highthroughput genomic data can be used to generate the optimum living environments for targeted microbes,then innovative techniques,such as membrane diffusion-based cultivation,microfluidics-based cultivation,and cell sorting-based cultivation are applied to isolate and culture the uncultured majority from their natural environments.Microbial culturomics have been successfully applied to culture novel microbes in the gastrointestinal tracts from mouse,termite,chicken,pig and cow.The application of microbial culturomics greatly enriches the cultured microbial resources of animals,and provides the strain resources for host-microbe interaction researches.In this review,we provide an overview of the possible influencing factors of the microbial cultivation,primary innovative technologies,identification methods and challenge of the microbial culturomics,as well as its' application in animal gastrointestinal tracts.

关键词(KeyWords)： 动物消化道;高通量测序;培养组学;微生物;未培养
Animal gastrointestinal tracts;High-throughput sequence;Culturomics;Microbe;Uncultured

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(31973000)

作者(Authors): 米兰;王佳堃;
MI Lan;WANG Jiakun;Institute of Dairy Science,Zhejiang University;

DOI: 10.19556/j.0258-7033.20210412-04

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